منابع مشابه
Biofuels
The global energy market provides humans with about 370 exajoules of energy per year, which is equivalent to about 170 million barrels of oil per day (Box 1) or about 11.73 terrawatts (TW) per hour [1]. Approximately 95% of this energy comes from fossil fuels. Additionally, the International Energy Agency suggests that direct combustion of plant biomass provides about one-third of the energy ne...
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The United States’ primary transportation energy sources are fossil fuels, namely, gasoline and diesel. These products have high environmental, security, and financial costs. A strong emphasis has been placed on biofuels, especially ethanol and biodiesel, to lessen the United States’ reliance on fossil fuels. Historically, high production costs, lack of infrastructure, return on investment anxi...
متن کاملFrom first generation biofuels to advanced solar biofuels
Roadmaps towards sustainable bioeconomy, including the production of biofuels, in many EU countries mostly rely on biomass use. However, although biomass is renewable, the efficiency of biomass production is too low to be able to fully replace the fossil fuels. The use of land for fuel production also introduces ethical problems in increasing the food price. Harvesting solar energy by the photo...
متن کاملDo biofuels from microalgae beat biofuels from terrestrial plants?
Energy in algal oil 37.90 Energy in biogas from residual biomass 50.00 Estimated as 22.85 MJ kg 1 of urea and 2.94 MJ kg 1 of diammonium phosphate. Using sedimentation followed by continuous vacuum belt filters. Approximate only in view of the developmental nature of algal oil recovery processes. Estimated as 80.4 MJ m 2 of facility area divided by a 20 year working life and the mass of oil pro...
متن کاملBiofuels versus food production: Does biofuels production increase food prices?
Rapidly growing fossil energy consumption in the transport sector in the last two centuries caused problems such as increasing greenhouse gas emissions, growing energy dependency and supply insecurity. One approach to solve these problems could be to increase the use of biofuels. Preferred feedstocks for current 1st generation biofuels production are corn, wheat, sugarcane, soybean, rapeseed an...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Current Biology
سال: 2007
ISSN: 0960-9822
DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2007.01.010